Understanding Generations of Computer in Hindi and English (कम्प्यूटर की पीढ़ी हिंदी और अंग्रेजी में )
1. कम्प्यूटर की प्रथम पीढ़ी -First Generation of Computer (1946-1954)
इस पीढ़ी में वैक्यूम ट्यूब का इस्तेमाल कम्प्यूटर में मुख्य घटक के रूप में हुआ | मशीन भाषा/निम्न स्तरीय भाषा/बाइनरी भाषा (0,1) कम्प्यूटर की भाषा के रूप में इस्तेमाल हुयी | इस पीढ़ी के कम्प्यूटर अकार में बड़े और वजन में भरी होते थे |
In this generation Vaccume Tubes are used as
main component of Computer. Machine Language/Low Level Language/Binary Language (0, 1)
was used as Computer language. In this Generation
Computers are very heavy and very large in size.
Example-
- ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integration and Calculator)
- UNIVAC (Universal Variable Automatic Computer)
- EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer)
- IBM -650(International Business Machine)
- IBM -701
 |
| ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integration and Calculator) |
2. कम्प्यूटर की द्वितीय पीढ़ी - Second Generation of Computer (1955-1963)
इस पीढ़ी के कम्प्यूटर में वैक्यूम ट्यूब की जगह ट्रांज़िस्टर्स का इस्तेमाल किया गया | फोर्टरन, ऐल्गॉल और कोबोल आदि उच्च स्तरीय भाषाओं का प्रयोग किया गया | प्राइमरी स्टोरेज के लिए मेग्नेटिक कोर और सेकेंडरी स्टोरेज के लिए मेग्नेटिक टेप का इस्तेमाल हुआ | इनपुट देने के लिए पंच कार्ड और आउटपुट के लिए प्रिंटर का इस्तेमाल हुआ |
In This Generation Transistors are used as main component of
computer. FORTRAN (Formula Translator), ALGOL (Algorithm) and COBOL
(Common business Oriented Language) etc high level languages are used as
Computer Languages. Magnetic cores are used to primary storage and Magnetic Tap
for secondary storage. Punched card used for input and printer used for output. Using of Transistors, speed of computers was increased.
Example-
- IBM 1620
- IMB 1794
- CDC 1604 (Control Data Corporation)
- CDC 3600
- UNIVAC 1108
 |
| IBM 1620 |
3. कम्प्यूटर की तृतीय पीढ़ी - Third Generation of Computer (1964-1974)
IC (Integrated Circuit) chips are used as main components of
Computer. FORTRAN, ALGOL, COBOL, and Basic (Beginners of all purpose
symbolic instructions code) etc high level languages are used as Computer
Languages. Magnetic cores are used to primary storage and Magnetic
Disks for secondary storage.
Example –
- IBM 360
- IBM 370/168
- Honeywell – 6000 series
- PDP (Personal Data Processor)
- TDC – 316 (Torpedo Data Computer)
 |
| PDP |
4 . कम्प्यूटर की चतुर्थ पीढ़ी - Forth Generation of Computer (1975 – Till date)
LSI (Large Scale Integration) and VLSI (Very Large Scale
Integration) are used as main components of Computer. LSI and VLSI also known as Microprocessor or CPU (Central
Processing Unit). DOS (Disk operating system) and Windows development also
started in this generation. It work based on GUI (Graphical user interface) system. C, C++, Java, Java Script, Visual Basic and python etc. high
level programming languages used as computer language.
Example –
- IBM 4341
- DEC 10 (Digital Equipment Corporation)
- Star – 10000
- PDP -11 (Personal Data Processor)
- CRAY -1 (Super Computer)
- CRAY – X – MP (Super Computer)
 |
| DEC10 |
5. कम्प्यूटर की पंचम पीढ़ी - Fifth Generation of Computer (1980 to Till Date)
ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) was used as main
component of Computer. Artificial Intelligence is used in this generation’s
Computers. C, C++, Java, Java Script, Visual Basic and python etc. high
level programming languages used as computer language.
Example –
- Desktop
- Laptop
- Notebook
- Ultra Book
- Robots
 |
| ROBOT |
Important Points महत्वपूर्ण बिंदु
- Inventor of ENIAC, First electronic Computer was ‘John Mauchly’ and ‘J. Presper Eckert’ of the University of Pennsylvania, U.S. The team of design engineers assisting the development included ‘Robert F’.
- Inventor of IC chip was scientist Jack kilby. It is made up of Silicon.
- Inventor of Microprocessor was Ted
Hoff. First Microprocessor launched in 1972. And it is also made
up of Silicon.
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Grt work
ReplyDeleteThank you.. Namita g
ReplyDeleteNice
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